Basic Information On Activase
Activase is a protein which breaks down the blood clots. It is referred to as tissue plasminogen activator (PLAT) or tPA). tPA is a serine protease enzyme that is present on the endothelial cells (lining of the blood vessels). The drug is used in the treatment and management of acute myocardial infarction in adults, pulmonary embolism (acute massive) in adults and acute Ischemic stroke. Brand or generic Activase acts by converting the plasminogen into plasmin. This leads to the initiation of fibrinolysis locally. In the absence of the fibrin, the conversion of plasminogen is limited. This limitation also results in reduced systemic effect. Thus, the drug dissolves the clots in the body. This ensures that the blood flow in the body is restored.
Precautions / Side Effects For Activase
Common side effects of Activase are bleeding gums, headache, dizziness, coughing out blood, bleeding from the wounds or punctures, difficulty in swallowing/ breathing, bleeding from the nose, prolonged bleeding especially from the cuts, shortness of breath, black/ red tarry stools, dark brown/ red urine, paralysis. The drug may also increase the vaginal bleeding or menstrual flow. Rare side effects of Alteplase are confusion, light headedness, fainting, chills, chest pain, groin pain, leg pain, calves pain, shallow breathing or rapid breathing and loss of coordination.
Alteplase may also cause reddening/ swelling/ pain of the arms or legs, sudden severe headaches, changes in vision, slurred speech, severe weakness/ numbness of the arms or legs, fever and unexplained sudden shortness of breath. Brand or generic Activase shows drug-drug interactions with many other drugs. Therefore, before administering the drug let your doctor know about any medication you are currently taking. Pregnant women and breast feeding women must avoid the use of the drug, as it may not be safe for the fetus or the new born.
Activase Dosage
For treating myocardial infarction the recommended dose of Activase drug for patients > 67 kg is 15 mg IV bolus and then 50 mg infusion for 30 minutes followed by 35 mg for 60 minutes. For patients < 67 kg the dose is 15 mg IV bolus and then 0.75 mg/kg (maximum of 50 mg) infusion for 30 minutes followed by 0.50 mg/kg (maximum of 35 mg) for next 60 minutes. For treating Ischemic stroke 10% of the total dose is given IV for 1 minute and then 0.9 mg/kg of Activase is infused for 60 minutes. For treating pulmonary embolism 100 mg is infused IV for 2 hours.
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